How about more efficient operating systems?
Our existing operating system choices are based upon technologies decades old with foundations either in large mainframe systems and/or have suffered "code bloat" over time. For the sake of backwards compatibility, all too often they are "patched" by adding more code, rather than by removing old, defective or superfluous code. As someone who grew up programming computers to do useful tasks with as little as a few thousand bits of storage, it appalls me how much computing power it requires today just to support a few dozen users concurrently.
While "Moore's Law" has fulfilled it's promise of amazing growth in capacity, "code bloat" has eaten up nearly as much of that gain.
