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The propulsion enrgy created by a hydrogen fuel cell will be somewhat less than the electrical energy required for the electolysis of water to produce the hydrogen fuel. Unless the electricity comes from wind, solar, hydro or nuclear power plants there will be significant release of carbon dioxide. The hydrogen fuel cell should be seen as a possibly more efficient battery system for an electric vehicle. Whether this is the best way to go depends on the economics of the HFC versus battery systems being developed for plug-in electric cars.