income distribution, social mobility, and future possibilities
Now let's all calm down for a minute; there are no easy answers to complicated questions - one of the problems with ideologies.
So, given that wealthy people are not like the rest of us (the 99% for example) we need to try and assess their behavior - especially blind spots. This is conjecture, of course, but it could be useful.
Having wealth and power produces a zeitgeist or world view of privilege and self congratulations on being superior (morally and intellectually.) But then, a lot of the 99% people feel this way - what's the difference? It's a mental component that lusts for money as the top priority of existence (one could call it unmitigated greed,) even those who didn't do a lick of work for their wealth (like the Koch brothers) can have this variable.
A blind spot unavoidably appears that prevents the wealthy from seeing that their good times are the result of the rest of us having money to spend - so the 1% can vacuum it up; and they can do so in a never ending loop if they weren't so greedy (the special variable I aforementioned). The current tax structure and rates are the direct result of the uber-rich paying/owning the politicians who readily pass the regulations that give more and more to the few.
In our quaint olden days (1940s through the 1970s) that progressive tax structure would, if in effect today, eliminate all this balderdash about deficits and allow government programs to maintain and improve infrastructure (which incidentally increases employment, money in the pockets of the 99%, and even more money in the bank accounts of the 1%.) But those at the top of the pyramid just can't bring themselves to share with the other kids. And owning politicians at all levels will guarantee the stagnation of the economy, more concentration of wealth, and better funded "think tanks" to justify it all. And let's not forget the punishment of the American worker through the industrialization of the third world, brought to us of course, by our very own 1%.
Cheers.