And I'm one...
...of the people who have called them out. But there are cogent facts here.
One fact is that men without gonads lived (much) longer than similarly-situated men WITH gonads in place. And another fact is that there is mostly just the ONE thing different, between with-gonads, and without-gonads groups, isn't there? And that one thing is down to the testosterone, isn't it?
So THERE is your male-female difference-by-proxy -- the lack of testosterone.
This IS science, but of the suggestive kind, not of the proof kind. But so what -- I doubt they spent much of anyone's money on it anyway...
And okay, next you are going to say what good is science without a proof... but if they had never done this study, we would have missed out on some really juicy information, now wouldn't we? So what, if we "have to" wait some more to get the answer -- they never SAID they had the answer, did they? And the counter-factual is that they never even told us this...
