Data points
omb- I considered your point about the dissipation of fog as a data point even as I wrote that sentence. However, it was an example that Nate Silver used, and it struck me that, as simple a data point as it might seem, that fact about wind could easily still be neglected among the billions of other pieces of information that a computer has to collect - not because a computer couldn't handle the volume, but because someone would have to tell it to consider that specific variable.
As to your point about a computer and a brain only differing in capacity and resolution, even if that is true, it doesn't mean we'll be able to replicate what the mind can do in silicon. Like the weather, there are so many variables, that the idea of uncovering them all is virtually unfathomable. I don't know that we have enough imagination to change that.