Okay.
The U.S isn't in debt to *these* countries (by the way, outside of China, which countries are those?), they bought US bonds, publicly traded. With sufficient capital, and a retail trading account, you could buy those same bonds. That doesn't mean the U.S is in debt to you, it meant you bought a bond that returns a specified (variable) interest rate. No more, no less.
If China decided to sell those bonds en masse, it would be ******* itself. No functioning U.S economy, no functioning world economy. China is the factory and the EU, and U.S are the customers. No customer, no factory. This is why for all the sabre-rattling, China takes care not to rub the E.U or the U.S too far the wrong way. There are no independent economies any more; what effects one, effects the other.
Also as an aside, if you dislike that the east functions as the factory of the west, look around your home and see how many MADE IN CHINA/TAIWAN/MALAYASIA stamps you can find on your goods for some shock-horror fun.
As for making it work. Currently the grid is akin to plumbing, a constant water (power) pressure is provided to ensure adequate supply at the terminus point. There is no real command and control of the flow. Infrastructure changes, and software implementation would fix that. The grid then goes from dumb plumbing to an intelligent system more akin to the workings of computer.
Good battery technology exists to serve baseload, all it needs is the aggregate demand to reduce costs, this would enable baseload requirements with ease while using renewable. ALL of this is possible, ALL of this would create jobs, and an enviromental benefit. The barriers that exist are fictions of money (if they can 'quantitive ease' in the billions, they can sure as **** implment the above.), and personal interests--*cough* Koch *cough*.
All of that said, even IF the components were manufactured outside the U.S., short of a massive migratory workforce, it would still provide abundant jobs within the U.S to assemble the components and install the infrastructure.
Seriously, ask why the hell oil and coil receive billions in subsidies for mature profit making industries, that constantly reduces or outsources it's workforce. Then ask why should renewables not receive the same for a nascent industry that would have no choice but to employ within the U.S. for implementation.
