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Dashing dreams of a new Earth

By | December 17, 2009, 5:25 AM PST

Colonization of a new planet, in a star system far, far away, has been a staple of science fiction for a century.

Suddenly it seems both possible and necessary.

Possible, because telescopes are regularly bringing new planets into focus.

The latest batch of 11 new “exoplanets” includes one, GJ 1214b, that is “only” 2.7 times larger than Earth and is confirmed to be mostly water. Water, the stuff of life.

One blogger has already compared the new planet to Pandora, as imagined in the James Cameron movie Avatar (now in theaters). Another has suggested it really needs a new name, as though it’s a dog that followed the kids home they want to keep.

What these bloggers are implying, but not saying, is they want to go there.

The New York Times, naturally, is putting the kibosh on the deal, calling the new planet “too hot.” But others will soon be found it will call “too cold,” and finally still others will be found that are just right.

Then there is the fact we may need a new home because we’re destroying this one. This is another sci-fi staple.

Orson Scott Card has us forced to leave by climate change in his “Ender” series. Isaac Asimov has us getting pushed to leave by our robot masters in his future history. (Feel free to add your favorite examples of this device to the comments. Great Christmas reading.)

There is just one teensy problem, one tiny reason these reporters are going sub rosa and coy over firing up the old star ship Enterprise and boldly going where no man has gone before. The picture above is a hint.

The problem is the speed of light. As we used to say in college, “186,000 miles per second isn’t just a good idea. It’s the law.”

Even approaching the speed of light, if such engines could be made, would dramatically impact our sense of time, Einstein said. Even a theoretical way to get beyond the barrier seems impossible.

None of the methods imagined by our 20th century greats — hyperspace jumps, black holes, hyperdrives — passes even the theoretical test. Physics, not engineering but the kind of basic science that can be done in your mind, says no to going beyond the solar system.

So what if Einstein is right?

If he is then life forms on GJ  121 4B, perhaps their bloggers, are just as frustrated as we are. Tiny blue exoplanet discovered in yellow star system with gas giants. You can see it with your telescopes, third star to the right and straight on toward morning. It has water. Maybe it can sustain life. True, it’s a cold place, you couldn’t live there, but we can imagine…

And the GJ Einsteins shake their heads. Sorry, 186,000 miles per second is more than a good idea. Besides, why would anyone want to leave our snug harbor? We’ve learned how to avoid destroying our climate. Roll your tentacles over and go to sleep, dear.

But a body can dream.

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Dana Blankenhorn

About Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn was a contributing editor for SmartPlanet from 2009 to 2010.

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn

Contributing Editor, Technology

Dana Blankenhorn has written for the Chicago Tribune, Advertising Age's "NetMarketing" supplement and founded the Interactive Age Daily for CMP Media. He holds degrees from Rice and Northwestern universities. He is based in Atlanta.

Follow him on Twitter.

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn has been a technology reporter since 1982, a business reporter since 1978, and a writer for as long as he can remember. His Schwab IRA has a few tech stocks in it, most notably some Intel and Applied Materials bought over 10 years ago. But the vast majority of his tiny fortune (emphasis on the word tiny) is invested in mutual funds. He presently writes for no one else but ZDNet, SmartPlanet and himself. But if you've got an opportunity let him know. If he takes the gig he"ll first add it to this disclosure page.

He writes for SmartPlanet and is not an employee of CBS.

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0 Votes
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Old problem, new limit
Getting from one place on Earth to another has always been a challenge. Before the transcontinental railroad was completed ther were 2 ways to go from the east coast to the west coast. One way was over land and the other was to sail around the tip of So. America. Both journeys took months and both were dangerous.

I don't know if there is a way to exceed light speed or if we would have to take a long journey in a multi generation ship or in some form of suspended animation. If we do nothing else, perhaps we could explore or settle in other parts of the solar system.

Either way, Earth is a valuable resource that needs to be kept in good condition.
Posted by sboverie
17th Dec 2009
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Are forgetting your own point about time dialation?
Light-speed is more of a psychological barrier to future deep-space travel than some sort of insurmountable physical limit. The problem is humans are impatient and don't like to lose their communities. In the immortal words of the Black Lectroid at the end of Buckaroo Banzai : "So what? Big deal."

The main problem is energy, not time. You quickly gloss over the point, but General Relativity implies that the closer an object approaches the speed of light, the slower time passes for it. If a person was on a ship with big enough engines and a limitless-enough source of power, that is, a ship capable of approaching light-speed, they would feel as though their accelleration continued right past the light-speed barrier. To the outside universe, their accelleration slows as they approach light-speed. The difference being that time aboard the near-luminal ship is stretching out more and more. Theoretically, if you could reach light speed, time for you would stop, so effectively, if your ship ws fast enough, there is nowhere in the (visible) universe you could not reach within a "lifetime," at least for the people aboard the ship.

Unfortunately, the faster you go, the more time would relativistically speed up for everyone else. Eons would pass "back home." (See The Forever War for a popular take on that problem.) So, we either need to find a way of extending lifespans or find astronaut/colonists who don't care about leaving everyone they know behind. On the other hand, if Mother Earth turns into a hell-hole (more likely due to a solar hic-up than anything we're doing, in my opinion), leaving everything behind might just peachy.
Posted by JJMach
17th Dec 2009
0 Votes
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So the model says no can do, then change the model
General Relativity is pretty solid. We have confirmation that it's pretty accurate, enough to build bombs, enough to understand gross stellar processes. It's not perfect though. We don't know to what level of accuracy it's valid to, or if we may be missing some minor, but critical variables. Special Relativity has some glitches; which means there are a bunch of possibilities we may be able to exploit. Both theories are models of the universe; both models may need adjusting, or may be wrong to apply to all situations.

Heim, Droscher and Hauser have built models based on a different way of thinking about the universe. While the models look good, they need more experimental verification. But they do hint that there are other ways around the lightspeed barrier that don't require a device with the mass of the entire galaxy, or the entire energy of the universe to operate. 18 tesla circular coil spinning at 10,000 rpm above a magnetic sheild anyone?
Posted by Dr_Zinj
17th Dec 2009
0 Votes
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Time Dialation
Yes, However to counter the thinking in the article, traveling at
light-ish speeds does not impose a barrier to long-distance space
travel.

You will reach great distances in very small amounts of time, from your
perspective, possibly nearly instantly to these planets.

As per JJmach's point, once you travel there, Earth will have aged
possibly thousands of years, and then thousands more if you should
return.

But I think the "travelers" would not notice a long travel time.
Posted by dave_helmut
17th Dec 2009
0 Votes
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So you're on for it, then?
Spend infinite energy and don't get there until everything you know is dead and buried. Thumbs up?

I like your style. So who's going to build the ship?
Posted by DanaBlankenhorn
17th Dec 2009
0 Votes
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Their bloggers
I'm happy that you mentioned the possibility of bloggers on GJ 1214b. We humans tend to be narcissistic and forget that we might not be alone in the universe. If the speed of light discourages us from colonizing other worlds, that may actually be a good thing. If we arrived on GJ 1214b and it turned out to be inhabited, that might not stop us from conquering it any more than it stopped (say) the Europeans who "discovered" the Americas. And in the other direction, it might be a good thing for us if any technologically superior races out there don't get too interested in colonizing the Earth.
Posted by Rohan Jayasekera
17th Dec 2009
0 Votes
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One can hope
that the people fortunate enough to get there limit their competition between species to moral and ethical means.

Violence, trickery, or strong arm tactics got us where we are today, but it's entirely possible that Europeans could have displaced native americans by totally peaceful and mutually agreed upon means; or blended or assimilated each other. It was the road not taken and we'll never know for sure now.
Posted by Dr_Zinj
22nd Dec 2009
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RE: Dashing dreams of a new Earth
We who say we can't, never can. There is a theory that we can travel the universe. By compressing space before us and expanding after, this is not exceeding the speed of light, but using space itself. Now, if we could only find a way to power it:

http://science.discovery.com/videos/sci-fi-science-videos/

Look for 'Exploring the Universe', this is the ending of the show, during the show it shows the fomula that makes it work.
Posted by DadsPad
22nd Dec 2009
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Lightspeed = 35mph
Silly to us now, but it was once thought that anything that would exceed 35mph would vaporize. Then there was the sound barrier - and we didn't become sound, we weren?t vaporized, and we made a sonic boom. What if the very fabric of space itself reacted like our atmosphere around a sonic boom at superluminal speeds? What happens when you exceed the limits of the medium you're in? What is the medium we?re in? What if the fabric of the medium we find ourselves in limits the speed of light just as atmosphere limits the speed of sound? Light speed wouldn?t be a constant anymore.

I think superluminal speeds are not fictional but are ever present in our universe, just unobservable ? just as sound has to travel through a medium such as air before our ears hear it. For instance, I?m guessing that superluminal speeds, (or what I call pure, unimpeded light), may be found in the extragalatic jets on each sight of the accretion disc of a black hole. I think we don?t yet understand the medium that we find ourselves in. We don?t even completely understand our own sun. I think our problem is that we?re using constants in our equations that should be replaced by equations with variables we don?t yet understand or know. In short, we have a working model and some decent equations.

Sorry Einstein. But when we finally know all this stuff, lightspeed will be the old 35mph. However, I don?t think time will be a factor.
Posted by GuntherGump
23rd Dec 2009
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RE: Dashing dreams of a new Earth
Something that everyone seems to ignore in this discussion is that migrating the human species to another planet will not do us one bit of good unless and until we abandon violence as a means of conflict resolution and halt our idolization of security, power and prestige. These attributes of human behavior, with respect to both individuals and groups, are the fundamental reasons that we are now destroying our planet.

The foundation of our economies is the combustion of carbon molecules with oxygen as the principal source of energy. Those who have power and resources will not let that change until they have neither power nor resources because Nature will have the final word. It certainly seems likely to me that we will not be around here much longer, and not because we have built spacecraft that can travel faster than light.
Posted by Ocie3
24th Dec 2009
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