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Quack cures from small studies

By | February 16, 2010, 9:52 AM PST

I see this kind of press release every day. Simple cures for complicated problems.

Oxytocin may alleviate some autism.

A French researcher named Elissar Andari (right) did a controlled study on 13 functioning, but autistic kids, giving some a spray containing the hormone oxytocin (commonly given to hasten birth in late pregnancy) and others saline.

Those who got the oxytocin suddenly exhibited better social skills.

Over at Science Blogs Ed Jong notes oxytocin was not chosen at random.

“Autistic children have lower levels of the hormone coursing through their blood and what little there is appears to be made in an abnormal way.”

Andari tested the hormone in a game and in an exercise where people look at faces. Autistics often have trouble with this last, but under oxycotin they relaxed, behaving more normally.

Still, 13 kids.

I want to see bigger numbers before I get too excited. Much as I would like to be excited. I have a relative with Asperger’s, my own ADHD is rather severe, our whole family tends to be isolated. A little hormone might cure us all?

Uh, no.

Not just on this study, but on a lot of what passes for medical journalism these days. All science, including medicine, goes along a recognized path. A thesis becomes a discovery, but that discovery must be tested, not just blindly but in many people, before anyone gets too excited.

This is a big deal to Ms. Andari, which is why I have her pictured above. It’s the start of what could be a fabulous career. And if what she found pans out — if autism and Asperger’s (which are epidemic) can be traced to a simple hormonal imbalance — well it’ll big prizes.

But the rest of us need to cool it. Give her the time and space needed to find out if this is true first.

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Dana Blankenhorn

About Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn was a contributing editor for SmartPlanet from 2009 to 2010.

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn

Contributing Editor, Healthcare

Dana Blankenhorn has written for the Chicago Tribune, Advertising Age's "NetMarketing" supplement and founded the Interactive Age Daily for CMP Media. He holds degrees from Rice and Northwestern universities. He is based in Atlanta.

Follow him on Twitter.

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn has been a technology reporter since 1982, a business reporter since 1978, and a writer for as long as he can remember. His Schwab IRA has a few tech stocks in it, most notably some Intel and Applied Materials bought over 10 years ago. But the vast majority of his tiny fortune (emphasis on the word tiny) is invested in mutual funds. He presently writes for no one else but ZDNet, SmartPlanet and himself. But if you've got an opportunity let him know. If he takes the gig he"ll first add it to this disclosure page.

He writes for SmartPlanet and is not an employee of CBS.

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0 Votes
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RE: Quack cures from small studies
Please be careful about dust-binning Ms. Andari's work to the level of "quack cure" so quickly. I think we all would like to see much larger testing done, and soon, to further test her theories, and confirm or disprove her results. Her early results were promising, and I would hope they would encourage larger funding for much more testing, though sadly, I doubt that will be the case.

Like you, I have a family member with Aspergers syndrome who currently is on a regiment of psychotropic drugs to try and control his symptoms and make his disorder manageable. Several of the drugs are wildly expensive and have very undesirable side effects.

I fear that a natural hormone like Oxytocin will be unlikely to grab the attention of any major drug company, and they are the very ones who fund the vast majority of this type of research. Like aspirin, oxytocin will never be on a big money maker list, so who will want to fund expensive research to test it's benefits in the kind of studies required?

As people with a dog in this race so to speak, we should be pushing for funding to further Ms. Andari's research, not disparaging her publicly in a blog that basically accuses her of being a "quack" looking to simply further her career.
Posted by lloth
16th Feb 2010
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lloth
I live in hope too. I would love Andari to be right.

My problem is not with her work, but in our race to embrace small
studies such as hers, in any field, as proof of something. It merely
indicates a theory that can now be studied.
Posted by DanaBlankenhorn
16th Feb 2010
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RE: Quack cures from small studies
It is unfortunate that the internet has developed along lines that leave people unable to discern the difference between serious research and quackery ... between fact and opinion.
Posted by darkmoonman
17th Feb 2010
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RE: Quack cures from small studies
This is a badly written article...

Firstly none of the linked articles actually name Elissar Andari as
one of the researchers. Why you have picked on her is thus not
clear to us as readers.

Second, she is not a 'quack' as a 'quack' is someone without any
training at all... She is a PhD student studying Neuroscience, so
give her some credit for knowing something...

Third, 13 test subjects is fine for a study to test whether
something is worth following up in a larger study, to see whether or
not there appears to be an effect-level at all is worth following
up. If oxytocin had no significant effect on any of the 13 test
subjects then it would not be worth following up.

Surely you can ignore the further conclusions made by secondary
reporting and journalism on a primary report whose link you do not
provide..

The research was supervised by Angela Sirigu - her CV:
http://www.isc.cnrs.fr/sir/Sirigu_Research_Biography-1.pdf

You'd think with a CV like that she would think twice about
releasing 'quack' studies.

This following study used *15* adult patients back in 2003 to test
the effect of oxytocin on repetitive behaviours... 15? wouldn't
you expect more from somewhere like the NY Mount Sinai School of
Medicine? (i say sarcastically)
http://webpub.allegheny.edu/employee/j/jhollerm/558_web/autism_neuro
peptides/autism_neuropeptides_Hollanderetal_2003.pdf
[Oxytocin Increases Retention of Social Cognition in Autism
Biological Psychiatry, Volume 61, Issue 4, 15 February 2007, Pages
498-503
Eric Hollander, Jennifer Bartz, William Chaplin, Ann Phillips,
Jennifer Sumner, Latha Soorya, Evdokia Anagnostou, Stacey Wasserman]

The discovery of Oxytocin problems in Autistic people (and possibly
vasopressin too) dates back at least to 1998 as far as I have
found... loads of studies by loads of people...

Are they all quacks as well?

I object strongly .. because the headline of your blog... calling
the researcher on this study a 'quack' .. has been spread to
everyone who receives the ZDNet UK newsletter... or Smartplanet...
and most of them aren't going to be as thorough in background
checking your facts as I am.

Oliver Slay
Posted by zorgster
17th Feb 2010
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RE: Quack cures from small studies
Things have to start somewhere... and small is where most do.

As they say, "Rome wasn't built in a day."

Also, I would argue that it is a discovery that becomes a thesis,
and that it is a thesis that must be tested.
Posted by JonA_z
17th Feb 2010
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RE: Quack cures from small studies
I understand the intensity of people to find a 'cure' for autism, but Blankenhorn has a point. 13 subjects means very little and regardless of what some commenters want to believe, 'small' studies don't always lead to 'larger' studies. The transplant industry has been harvesting kidneys from living people for over 50 years yet a meta-analysis of ALL published literature on living donors in 2006 by Ommen revealed them all to be rife with small samples sizes and consequently unreliable data. The only way to get 'real' research is to fight for it.
Posted by conspicuouschick
17th Feb 2010
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Quack journalist? Article receives a grade: D-
Perhaps this poor article was written by a quack journalist (someone who does not know what he is talking about and writes "yellow journalism" stories. Compare Dana's bio with the bios of the researchers doing the actual work (@zorgster). Whom would you trust?

Dana didn't even link to the actual press release or study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. Rather his first link is to a Scientific American podcast? Please back up your article with references to legitimate primary sources.

I'm really tired of lazy journalists who don't do thorough investigations before making conclusions and writing.

The consequences are important. We get into unjust wars, elect crooks and have our economy ruined -- all supported by poor work by journalists.
Posted by gmeader
17th Feb 2010
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mrscientist
zorgster, though you have many good points, dr. ansari is, in fact, the lead researcher on this study. the full abstract can be seen here... http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2010/02/05/0910249107.abstract. (i love fact checking the fact checker!)

btw, pnas is no shabby journal. while i haven't been able to critically read the entire article myself, it is not an easy task to be published in pnas.
Posted by MrScientist
17th Feb 2010
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RE: Quack cures from small studies
I usually don't comment on low journalism, but this one is out of
line!
Dear Dana, I would imagine a world where you would like to be, the
perfect world where Cancer is sovled from the first shot otherwise
kept top-secret, HIV solved from the first shot otherwise kept top-
secret... I guess, the rest is fairly easy to follow.
I would feel guilty if i don't support Miss Andari in what she
observed, in what she reported for others to build ontop. Research,
and please let me emphasize NOT ONLY in NEUROSCIENCE but in almost
all disciplines require TIME. I would imagine the TIME (a bit less
than 3 years for this study-from an interview at www.france3.fr) and
the volunteered PATIENTS are FIRST extremely valuable. Miss Andari
used them with precious devotion, she shared with us her results.
Probably you are too far from science to actually price this work,
but eventually real scientist from PNAS indeed are!
I wish all the best for Miss Andari and i urge other researchers to
team up with her to go further with this work.
Posted by Johnnnydoe
17th Feb 2010
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The process, and journalism
My criticisms here were not of the research, or indeed of Ms. Elissar. My criticism was aimed at journalism, which tends to run with small studies and make big conclusions from them that are not scientifically warranted.

Some of the comments here remind me of criticisms of the politics of The Daily Show. The Daily Show is not about politics, and isn't really criticizing politicians. It's a show about journalism, and the bad habits of journalists.

Which we all need to work on, as journalists and as readers.
Posted by DanaBlankenhorn
17th Feb 2010
0 Votes
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Andari
By the way, I am a fan of Elissar Andari. That's why her picture is here. Science saved her from the life of a gorgeous fashion model, apparently. Science's gain.
Posted by DanaBlankenhorn
17th Feb 2010
0 Votes
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Poor choice of title
The real problem with this article is the title. The article may be accurate enough for what it is, but the title is misleading.

Andari is not a "Quack". Her research is not yet "quackery". So it really is not right to use that term in the title.

A better title might be "Journalists mislead from insufficient data."
Posted by mheartwood
17th Feb 2010
0 Votes
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RE: Quack cures from small studies
Perhaps the results were from the oxytocin leaching out the
poisonous mercury (as Thimerasol) contained in many vaccines
given to young people?

Interesting that the medical establishment admits there is an
epidemic of autism, but claims that it is genetic. You can't have it
both ways!
Posted by rahbm
17th Feb 2010
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RE: Quack cures from small studies
AS someone also blessed with ADHD, I'm a student of the progress in addressing the condition. I've just started to explore a mention in the literature dealing with low hormone levels (especially thyroid) linked to ADHD. If anyone else has come across this, let us know.
Dave K
Posted by davevk2003
17th Feb 2010
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