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An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death

By | November 29, 2010, 5:54 AM PST

Regular readers of SmartPlanet may recall Christina Hernandez’ July piece on Weihang Chai of Washington State University, who found a way to kill cancer cells by deactivating the enzyme telomerase, and thus causing them to age and die like normal cells.

Telomerase acts on the ends of DNA strands, which are called telomeres. The 2009 Nobel Prize in Medicine was given for research showing how this works, the telomerase building the equivalent of caps at the end of DNA shoelaces.

If the enzyme keeps building new caps, a DNA strand can replicate indefinitely. It’s immortal. But that’s what differentiates cancer cells from “normal” ones — they have the enzyme, they have the secret to immortality. An immortality which kills its host, namely you.

Now Harvard scientists have opened this door, using telomerase to reverse the aging process in mice. Writing in the journal Nature, a group under Ronald DePinho (above, from Harvard) say they “engineered a knock-in allele” that turned the cap-making process back on, making old mice young again.

Here’s the problem. Mice make telomerase throughout their lives. People stop making it once we’re grown.

It may be possible to add telomerase to the human body and halt the aging process, in other words. But the word for that may well be cancer.

This may be the most bittersweet irony I have ever covered for SmartPlanet. Cancer is caused by the same chemical that can make cells immortal.

Immortality and cancer, two trains running on one line. One train’s me and the other’s a friend of mine.

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Dana Blankenhorn

About Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn was a contributing editor for SmartPlanet from 2009 to 2010.

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn

Contributing Editor

Dana Blankenhorn has written for the Chicago Tribune, Advertising Age's "NetMarketing" supplement and founded the Interactive Age Daily for CMP Media. He holds degrees from Rice and Northwestern universities. He is based in Atlanta.

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Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn

Dana Blankenhorn has been a technology reporter since 1982, a business reporter since 1978, and a writer for as long as he can remember. His Schwab IRA has a few tech stocks in it, most notably some Intel and Applied Materials bought over 10 years ago. But the vast majority of his tiny fortune (emphasis on the word tiny) is invested in mutual funds. He presently writes for no one else but ZDNet, SmartPlanet and himself. But if you've got an opportunity let him know. If he takes the gig he"ll first add it to this disclosure page.

He writes for SmartPlanet and is not an employee of CBS.

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+1 Vote
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RE: An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death
An irony, yes, but hardly a surprise. Let's face it, cancer was likely not much of a problem for our primitive ancestors. Their life span was simply too short for tumors to have time to grow and impinge on the organism.

Nice Lowell George reference. Not enough homage extended to the man, who died way too young. RIP Lowell.
Posted by omb00900@...
29th Nov 2010
+1 Vote
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RE: An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death
I stand corrected. I just realized that Muddy Waters is the original author of the song, though I know it best through Little Feat and George's interpretation.
Posted by omb00900@...
29th Nov 2010
+1 Vote
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RE: An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death
with the rise in obesity in westeran nations and only 10-15% of us who exercise properly, this would create new records for the fattest society because all people would do is continue to reach for new excesses and live unhealthy lifestyles thinking "i'm immortal"
now there's an ironly,
give people whatever they want in copious portions and instead of using it to help those who are in need, they will sowly destroy themselves with it
Posted by alex@...
29th Nov 2010
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RE: An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death
If the body has stopped producing telomerase, how is the cancer able to utilize it? It would seem only children would be susceptible to cancer.
Posted by rt.pittman@...
29th Nov 2010
+1 Vote
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RE: An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death
If mice make it throughout their lives, why aren't they cancer ridden
and always young? I must be missing something in the way this
works.
Posted by jeremyenos@...
29th Nov 2010
+1 Vote
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RE: An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death
Wasn't this discovered a few years back and you can buy telomerase now but it costs a small fortune... You can do Astragalus and that is where the telomerase molecule is extracted from.. You google Dr. Sears and telomerase, you can find out how to extend your life by reversing ageing for just a few thousand dollars a year. LoL!
Posted by Alchemist001
29th Nov 2010
+1 Vote
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RE: An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death
The teleromase/cancer link was coded in to our genes by the "aliens"
who made us from bonobos. Solving the riddle of this entanglement is
one of the goals we must reach before they will accept us as their
equals. If we don't achieve all of these goals within a certain time
limit, we will be relegated to the status of animals, and be treated like
property. To see what that would mean, go look at a factory farm, or
a slaughter house.
Posted by wxwrdmw02@...
30th Nov 2010
+1 Vote
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RE: An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death
Telomerase is the latest/recycled fountain of youth. A few years ago it was HGH, then resveratrol, now it's telomerase. All of this is bunk that is being marketed by those who are trying to capitalize on it. Want to live a long life? Then, laugh, eat a varied diet in moderation, fast, exercise moderately, avoid smoking and stress, and have good genes and good luck. Charge - nothing.
Posted by ajrmd
30th Nov 2010
+1 Vote
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RE: An enzyme leads the dance of immortality and death
Neither a surprise nor ironic--nearly every powerful medicine we have is also a deadly poison.

Telomeres are vital to our understanding of cellular replicative death, but that is only part of the picture for extending life.

Resveratrol is a cellular/tissue repair booster...another part of the puzzle.
(By the way, resveratrol is unstable, but it has a stable form. Resveratrol doesn't survive well in acidic environments (like your stomach) the stabel form does. It takes an enzyme to flip the two forms-both the stabe;le form of the compound and the enzyme are common in ALL sprouting seeds...and vastly more is available than resveratol itself.

One must remember that however much we think we understand, we very, very often find that we were wrong--usually multiple times...the entire basis of the scientific method is that recognition of the fact that we may well be wrong. This is the difference between scientific investigation and religion: Science says we THINK we know. Religion says we're CERTAIN we know.

Marketing of such finds is nearly always based upon early results and hyped by the sellers--which doesn't mean they're wrong, just that you need to vet your information sources.
Posted by wizoddg
3rd Dec 2010
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