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Afghanistan: the ‘Saudi Arabia’ of lithium?

By | June 14, 2010, 9:01 AM PDT

American geologists have discovered huge mineral deposits (possibly $1 trillion worth) throughout Afghanistan, according to the New York Times. Lithium, gold, cobalt, copper, iron, among other valuable minerals are lying beneath what is already a war-torn country with little history with mining.

Off and on over the decades, geologists—Soviet, Afghan, American—would investigate and chart some of Afghanistan’s mineral wealth, only to put the work on hold as violent conflict erupted. Now, corruption, in-fighting between the central and district governments, foreign interests, and greater zeal from the Taliban might come into play to disrupt a potential economy evolving around these natural resources.

With the Ministry of Mines, a Pentagon task force is now helping organize a way of handling the mineral development and bidding rights. How this unfolds socially, environmentally and politically should be interesting.

The New York Times reports:

The value of the newly discovered mineral deposits dwarfs the size of Afghanistan’s existing war-bedraggled economy, which is based largely on opium production and narcotics trafficking as well as aid from the United States and other industrialized countries. Afghanistan’s gross domestic product is only about $12 billion.

The two most prevalent minerals are copper and iron. Niobium, used for making superconducting steel, has also been found.

As for lithium, an important metal used in computer and hybrid car batteries, Afghanistan’s potential stores in Ghazni Province in the west might be bigger than in Bolivia, which according to the U.S. Geological Society, has an estimated 5.4 million tons.

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Image: USGS

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Melissa Mahony

About Melissa Mahony

Melissa Mahony was a contributing editor for SmartPlanet from 2010 to 2011.

Melissa Mahony

Melissa Mahony

Contributing Editor, Energy

Melissa Mahony has written for Scientific American Mind, Audubon Magazine, Plenty Magazine and LiveScience. Formerly, she was an editor at Wildlife Conservation magazine. She holds degrees from Boston College and New York University's Science, Health, and Environmental Reporting Program. She is based in New York.

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Melissa Mahony

Melissa Mahony

Melissa does not have financial holdings that would influence how or what she covers. She currently works for the Wildlife Conservation Society as an editor. Should Melissa cover a topic in which the WCS is involved, she will disclose this fact in her writing.

She writes for SmartPlanet and is not an employee of CBS.

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0 Votes
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
Was wondering why we were still there besides lining Haliburton's,
Blackwater, and every other military contractor's pockets, as well as
paying foreign banks back via the interest on our debt we keep
expanding borrowing money from them to pay for that ... forgotten
part of the planet.

First I've heard of Afghanistan having anything other than an oil
pipeline and opium... not that I'm complaining about the later other
than its difficulty to get in pure form (read: seed).

Good job Mahoney.
Posted by Vailhem@...
14th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
Are you sure it was not Dilithium Crystals?
that would solve a lot of problems
I always knew Star Trek was real
Posted by verd@...
15th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
It is for the private cooperate control of these very resources that public funds are spent and humans lives killed. No one care about the lives of the afghan people or the foreign occupiers would not be there killing them, controlling their government and ensuring the infrastructure exits for the private interest in exploiting these lands. Why pay for something when you can get it for near free. All it takes is to pay off a few presidents, members of congress and spread disinformation through the media (such as SmartPlanet)-much cheaper than investing in the infrastructure needed for exploitation.

It is amazing how gullible and naive ?intellectual? people are taught to be. I sometimes think that a simple quarrel has more instinct to know when someone is out to fool them.
Posted by mario@...
15th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
Why don't we just hit 'em with a neutron bomb and take over. then we can make batteries for the Green Electric cars and stop the opium trade, killing two birds with one stone. Hopefully rooting out Osama, We could call it USAA (Afghanistan).
Posted by Air_n_water
15th Jun 2010
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Transporting Litthium? Donkeys?
Afghanistan is landlocked with high mountains. Except for gold and jewels air shipping the minerals is too expensive.

"Other than two short lines across the northern borders with Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan, there are almost certainly no functioning railways in Afghanistan today."
http://www.andrewgrantham.co.uk/afghanistan/
Posted by Jim.Callahan
15th Jun 2010
0 Votes
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
Rachel Maddow last night found that the mineral deposits have been known for many years. They were not found recently by western geologist being shot at by locals. The military is presenting this as something new just when they need some good PR. I'm not certain having westerners talk about mining Afgan resources is good PR.
Posted by someone3344
15th Jun 2010
0 Votes
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
Western militaries will remain in Afghanistan to the detriment of the
people, in order to make sure that who ever is in power is
agreeable with selling out their resources cheap to American
companies. We see it all over the world, and this will be no different.
Unless maybe China or Russia decide its worth the fight.
Posted by steveaustin1971
15th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
No wonder Obama agreed to send more soldiers, he probably wants to take the minerals and give them to people on welfare.
Posted by fjdole@...
15th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
Lithium, being an essential component in high efficiency batteries, and especially rechargeable batteries, may indeed be the 21st Century's Oil and Gas. With sufficient supply of Lithium to make truely large rechargeable batteries, resources like Wind and Solar become primary rather than only secondary power sources. No longer confined to daylight (in the case of solar) or windy weather (in the case of Wind), power plants could store enough energy during sunny/windy times to deliver power continually 'rain or shine'.

So what is there to do? Build schools and battery plants in Afghanistan - instead of being a source of cheap raw materials, have Afghanistan moved into continued economic abundance. As in the "Three Cups of Tea" - educate the girls - to run the plants and maybe eventually the government - then, as reported by "The Hunger Project" - when women have a voice in the government, nobody starves.

By keeping the raw resources in Afghanistan and exporting the finished products - Afghanistan can be truly wealthy, with an abundance of 'white collar' (pardon the expression) jobs.
Posted by JTArmstrong
15th Jun 2010
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cripes I remember reading...
..about the concentrations minerals in the region long ago, like 20 years. As stated above this is pure military industrial complex mind games, reporting this as "new."

Now to the commentator above who knows zero truth or history: the Taliban DID stop opium production, near 100%. The CIA, er "US military" invades and the next year it's a bumper crop.

There was a blurb in mainstream media in the last week or two admitting the US is cultivating, protecting and transporting the heroin crop... of course 'cause the poor farmers need something to do with their hands...

Sick world, basically everything you know is wrong.
Posted by pgit
15th Jun 2010
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not enough Lithium to go around
I read a dissertation on lithium a few years back that indicated that there is not enough lithium salt on the planet to satisfy everyone's needs anyway. This would mean peak lithium would come and go quickly. There is more promise in iron salts as a storage means so that's where the investment has to go if we wish to maintain our consuming western lifestyles.
Posted by mandrake64
15th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
@mandrake64: That's why we need a sustainable energy, be it biological, electrical, whatever (but I prefer biologically anyway, may some plants that can produce electricity? -- no phun intended)
Posted by Bongoard
15th Jun 2010
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A Zombie Story!
The lithium and many more minerals were surveyed decades ago. Check out the US Geological Survey report on it.

Washington is simply hurting for reasons to stay in Afghanistan and are grasping for straws in the wind.

Arthur Borges in Zhengzhou
Posted by arthurborges@...
15th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
V?ltures are circling Afghanistan, the tomb of empires, but eventually they all will be destroyed
Posted by ashimov
16th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
We don't go to war because we have too, V.P Dick Cheney & G.W.Bush are war criminals they allowed 3k American citizens to die for 9/11 to happen as an excuse to go into Afghanistan, don't ever forget that al- qaeda is an American developed Frankenstein under Bill Clinton & Taliban hate us for turning our backs on them during the Russian invasion and we ran out on Taliban. Why should they hate America?

Although Republicans stole the election in 2000 via Diebold & 5 Conservative Supreme Court Activist Justices, Bush & Cheney smell MONEY! And now, once again the American public is lied to again, we JUST found out about the minerals & other OIL & GAS potential? HUM!

The United States of Chi'merica, Inc., / Still Bushed in 2010!
Posted by musicbrain007
16th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
lithium ore is abundant in the world. Cost is linked to trasportation and refining. Refining should be made locally.
Do anyone believe that any of the many Afganistan tribes will ever prefer to refine lithium ore than grow poppies?? Maybe not in the next few centuries. After all it took to us over 1000 years to enter into the "Medium-Eve", then 900 approx. Afganistan tribes are still in the early stages of development even being sorrounded by more advanced countries such Packistan ec. They stay like now because they prefer it.

Best!

Emilio Odescalchi
Milano
ITALY
Posted by eodesca@...
16th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
Happy for Bush Friends .. Oppertunity to spend US citizen's money on army and get contracting for all the mining . US will spend all social security money and us heavy taxes paid by every citizen to fund the army to help all the rich buiness people make money around the world. In other case , china is working in afganisthan to leverage the world largest reserve of copper where our army is hiding to get killed, and in backround supply weapons to the terrorists and keep US occupied in war every continent.

One day China will tell US , we have bought you guys with all our junk goods you bought after paying money to your rich frineds army . Now you listen to me for food.
Posted by vpkraja
16th Jun 2010
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
So what is the risk/ reward ratio? in producing lithium locally ?
Posted by mark fitch
16th Jun 2010
0 Votes
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RE: Afghanistan: the 'Saudi Arabia' of lithium?
yes, people have known about the presence of mineral wealth in
afghanistan for many years, but the report was not only PR, it
was an affirmation that there exists more of the important stuff
than previously thought economic to extract. Modern economies
are all born from extractive heavy and environmentally
destructive industries, and asking afghanistan to somehow
ignore that road to development is a crime. And they cannot
create an export economy of scale without the aid of
multinational corporations, whose services do not come cheap
and whose legacies often have a negative impact. If afghanistan
is going to make the next move towards developing these
resources they cannot do it with out someone's help. If it's
China, so be it.
Posted by jbambino
16th Jun 2010
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