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Streetcars would bring massive economic benefits to D.C.

By | February 2, 2012, 10:24 AM PST

Take another look at that picture above. The sidewalks are packed and D.C. is bustling with activity. That was more than 50 years ago, when D.C. had a streetcar system.

It’s been almost exactly 50 years since the last streetcars weaved their way through Washington, D.C., but plans are in place to resurrect the streetcar in the nation’s capital. In the process, the city looks to capture the economic activity that was lost when the streetcar was dismantled.

Despite project delays, streetcar tracks have been laid for the first phase of the project and the streetcar is expected to be up and running in the summer of 2013.

To take a big picture view of the $1.5 billion, 37-mile streetcar network, D.C.’s Office of Planning released a study that, for one, looks at the economic benefits of the streetcar if the project ever reaches its full potential.

On the local BeyondDC blog, Dan Malouff provides a rundown of the economic impacts the study says the completed streetcar system would have on the city.

[T]he great benefit of streetcars will be that they tremendously expand the number of households and business properties that are within walking distance of a rail station. With streetcars, the share of DC residents within a quarter mile of a rail stop will increase from today’s 16% up to 50%.

That will correspond to an increase in the value of properties along streetcar lines by $5-7 billion. Another $5-8 billion in new development can be expected, resulting in a total property value increase of $10-15 billion due to streetcars.

That would result in $238-291 million in new tax revenue for the city each year, after completion of the 37 mile streetcar network. At that rate it would take only 6 years for the city to recuperate the full $1.5 billion cost. After 6 years, the tax revenues would be pure profit.

And over a 10 year period, the streetcar system would be responsible for 6,300-7,700 new jobs, up to 12,000 new households, and as much as 1.3 million square feet of new retail development.

Impressive.

Not bad for an old-fashioned transportation system.

Streetcars will benefit DC’s bottom line [BeyondDC]

Photos: Flickr via Stephen Rees and thecourtyard

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Tyler Falk

About Tyler Falk

Tyler Falk is a contributing editor for SmartPlanet.

Tyler Falk

Tyler Falk

Contributing Editor, Cities

Tyler Falk is a Communications Fellow with Smart Growth America. Previously, he was an editorial assistant for Grist. He holds a degree from Goshen College. He is based in Washington, D.C.

Follow him on Twitter.

Tyler Falk

Tyler Falk

Tyler does not have financial holdings that would influence how or what he covers.

He writes for SmartPlanet and is not an employee of CBS.

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+1 Vote
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Way back when, 1950.
You could take a street car in Southern NH at 8 am and with just 3 or 4 transfers be on Cape Cod that afternoon.

Then came the highway building and URBAN REDEVELOPMENT movement of the 1960s and 1970s that decided they knew better and tore up everything to make way for more cars on the streets.

My how short sighted we were then and how ignorant of the past we are today.

Now we want to install billion dollar HSR in a subway like design, like California, to do the job cost effective light rail and express trains can do.
Posted by Hates Idiots
2nd Feb
0 Votes
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street cars? Why not jitneys
Washington DC has an excellent subway system, and you usually can walk from a subway stop to anywhere you are going, or take a bus...Why streetcars?


the real reason folks don't like public transportation is that they have to wait for infrequent trains/buses etc. (often 30 to 60 minutes) often in inclement weather or the heat...why no one talks about this I have no idea: maybe the planners never had to do this.
Posted by tioedong@...
2nd Feb
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You hit the nail on the head.
Street cars, buses, trains, no matter the mode, frequency is key to increasing usage.

You look at cities with high usage rates and you see agressive scheduling. People need timely public transportation if you want them to use it all the time.

No one wants to take a 15 minute transit ride at 6am to make it to work for 7am because the buses/trains only run every hour.
Posted by Hates Idiots
3rd Feb
0 Votes
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A couple responses
1. DC does have a very good subway system. Streetcar is just another addition to the mix of transit (bike, rail, bus) to better connect people in the city. Buses are a great part of the transit mix, but not the only one. You could have said the same thing about buses when DC was considering adding subway ("just take the bus"). What gets people excited about streetcar, and urban rail in general, is their permanence. (I know, I know, the original streetcar was ripped up.) Compared to buses, which can more easily change routes, rail lines are much more permanent. Developers especially like the permanence of rail because there is more certainty that people will come through the area near the rail line, giving developers and small business owners, more security in their investments.

2. You're absolutely right, infrequent trains/buses hurts ridership and transit agencies. I'm sure every transit agency out there would love to have frequent service, more buses, more rail, etc. But there usually isn't enough money to go around so they have to make tough decisions about when, where, and how often to run.
Posted by Tyler Falk
3rd Feb
+1 Vote
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Which came first?
It is the whole chicken and the egg question with transit.

You can't expand ridership until you expand schedules. Most transit companies will not increase schedules until buses are packed and people complain.

The tough balance is increasing frequency and advertising it enough to get people on board. You will not get people to change travel habits if you tell them some thing is a temporary trial.

They have to feel the schedule change is going to be there in a year to change their life style.

It also goes to the discussion of proper equipment. Do you run a 20 seat bus from 4 am to 7 am at an average 80% capacity and then bump up to a 40 seat bus for the rest of the day at an 80% average?

What do the 20 seat buses do the rest of the day? Maybe they become backups so two 20 seat buses are put on a route if a 40 seat bus goes down.

Most government owned transit systems run close to 100% of their equipment daily. With so little excess equipment a single equipment failure impacts thousands of commuters.

These were not usually problems when most public transit companies were privately owned prior to the 1960s. A profit motive is a remarkable incentive to build a good system.
Posted by Hates Idiots
3rd Feb
0 Votes
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Which is why more Publicly owned transportation came later
By the 1950's there was no or very little profit in mass transportation of any kind. Being still necessary then as it is today, the private infrastructures became publicly owned or were dismantled. Public transportation is no different from any other enterprise, private or public. Some work and some don't. Roads for the most part are public. Should they be sold and become private toll roads? Why does public transportation to get to work, the store, events, etc have to make a profit if it's on the parity with wear and tear and the expenses of a car, parking fees, the need for more roads and bigger, better and wider existing roads which also bring great costs.

Robert Moses, the chairman of several New York City public authorities, advocated more roads and highways even at the expense of thriving neighborhoods. Hired once as a consultant by the city of New Orleans in the 1960s, he even suggested putting the interstate through the French Quarter.

What he did do in New York was to turn his back on the NYC subway system. As a result by the late 1970s and early 1980s is was in the sad shape you might recall when it was pictured in movies and TV during those years such as in 'Welcome Back, Kotter'. New York City is still recovering from Moses allowing the system to stagnate for two decades. He supported and built highways. He had many achievements in building but his highways did little to alleviate the traffic in the boughs of NYC.

Like it or not, America will get in step with the rest of the world and public transportation projects will increase. In 40 years it will be the way of life, just as it is in places where it existed as people living there grew up.
Posted by DavisZdNet
Updated - 3rd Feb
+1 Vote
+ -
Moses = bad man.
That guy and people like him hurt the US for decades with their car centric thinking.

I used to drive the Cross Bross EXPWY in the late 1980s and saw the blighted neighborhoods of half demolished buildings he left standing there next to the highway.

They were still there 15 years after the highway was finished. Almost 25 years after the people had been evicted to make way for the road.
Posted by Hates Idiots
3rd Feb
0 Votes
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street cars? Why not jitneys. What do you mean.
It's not even in operation and some already predict it will have infrequent service and in a town as congested as Washington DC. Can't the glass be half full. I've used public transportation in almost every major city in the United States and over 60 in cities in countries around the world. During rush hour, frequency isn't a problem.

Washington has a large taxi fleet. Jitneys, unlicensed taxicabs, will never be allowed to operate unlicensed and without inspections.

Waiting in inclement weather vs walking in the same weather to and from an expensive parking spot. You can decide.
Posted by DavisZdNet
3rd Feb
0 Votes
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Yes, Jitneys
Streetcars are not a magic bullet. Jitney service whether public or private would provide better mobility to more locations than a street car. They also require zero street improvements, can be phased in over time, and phased out on unsuccessful routes. I find it remarkable that with the deteriorating condition of the rolling stock and tracks on the DC Metro that they would even consider an expensive option like streetcars.
Posted by Jardinero1
3rd Feb
0 Votes
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Yes, Jitneys?
Jitneys vs. taxis still equal a car for every one or two people. At best it would ease parking. Since regulation would be required in a city that creates regulation the price would be set equal to taxis. How many jitneys would one need to assure enough availability in a large town? They are lots of taxis in Washington. If there was more demand there would be more taxis.

Can mini bus service be a jitney service? Yes, but has anyone ever taken the Super Shuttle or an equivalent to the airport. You book in advance and are given a time at least 90 or more minutes before you need to be at the airport because the minibus has to pick up persons from different locations. It's lucky it goes to just one destination. Imagine if it had to drop 8 persons off picked up 90 or more minutes before their job starts and drop them at 8 different locations.

Minibus services with fixed routes are called city buses and are already in place.

Street car infrastructure will last for decades. The Metro stated service in 1976. After 35 years it is being refurbished. Mainly the same arguments against the Metro then are being used against streetcars now. Yet in city after city, public transportation projects are moving forward. Every major city either has it or is planning to implement it.
Posted by DavisZdNet
Updated - 3rd Feb
0 Votes
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yes, jitneys
Few cities, in the USA have viable jitney service or any jitney service because they are banned by local ordinance. The ostensible reason for the ban is that successful jitneys will outcompete transit authorities' preferred mode of big bus or rail. It begs the question, if jitney are perceived to be out-competitors; why don't they just coopt jitneys in the first place and create a better, cheaper service for the community.

Jitney service is most successful in those communities where transit authorities don't circumscribe their routes or rates. Throughout Mexico and Latin America, jitneys successfully and profitably serve more people than big buses, trains and taxis combined. They work best on routes where the trains and big busses just don't go, which is just about everywhere, since train and big bus service only works profitably along and through major thoroughfares.
Posted by Jardinero1
Updated - 3rd Feb
0 Votes
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Detroit Freeway Fallout
Although Detroit has had many other problems the Interstate Highways helped to destabilized Detroit. By the 1970's the designers had learned to build them wider than the original ones built in the 1950's and 60's. Now, not only did they take 2 or 3 blocks, they demolished 5 to 7, sometimes up to 8 blocks. Neighborhoods were fractured, sometimes destroyed. As people were forced to move, lifetimes of friendships faded away.

The sense of community never recovered. The Motor City now has less than two thirds of its 1950s population. Again, many factors are involved; the greatest being the white flight after the 67 riots, It can be seen in many places such as where over a square mile of cleared land between downtown and midtown lie vacant. Its vacant still because there has been no demand for the land.
Posted by DavisZdNet
Updated - 3rd Feb
0 Votes
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Streetcars
Back in the forties, when I was just a kid, there were many streetcar routes in Los Angeles, and you could ride end to end for less than a quarter. City buses were introduced, which could change routes to accommodate population changes, but couldn't compete, costwise. To ensure they were....and stayed....profitable, a conglomerate company owned by General Motors, Firestone, and Standard Oil bought all the streetcar companies. They immediately TORE UP THE TRACKS for insurance, although these could easily have been paved over with no problems!

Now, we have come full circle, back to streetcars, a very economical method of transportation, more so than buses, in the long run! I always missed them, and thoroughly enjoyed the unique cable cars of San Francisco, when I visited.
Posted by mogul264
3rd Feb
0 Votes
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Streetcars - the case against Firestone Tire, Standard Oil, etc
n 1949, Firestone Tire, Standard oil of California, Phillips Petroleum, General Motors and Mack Trucks were convicted of conspiring to monopolize the sale of buses and related products to local transit companies controlled by National City Lines and other companies; they were acquitted of conspiring to monopolize the ownership of these companies. The verdicts were upheld on appeal in 1951. General Motors was fined $5,000 and H.C. Grossman, who was treasurer of General Motors and played a key role in the motorization campaigns and had also served as a director of Pacific City Lines was fined $1 along with various other individuals.[n 10]
According to Bradford Snell, GM's own testimony had shown that by the mid-1950s, GM and its agents had canvassed more than 1,000 electric railways and had motorized 90 percent, more than 900 systems. The struggling Pacific Electric Railway was purchased by Metropolitan Coach Lines in 1953. Jesse Haugh, who ran Metropolitan Coach Lines and was a former executive of Pacific City Lines had previously purchased San Diego Electric Railway though a separate company in 1948. The remaining streetcars converted to buses in the next two years.

from Wikipedia
Posted by DavisZdNet
4th Feb
+1 Vote
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Alot of existing businesses that held on from the riots to redevelopment...
Alot of existing businesses on H St NE ,where one of the street car lines will run, held on from the riots(1968) to the current redevelopment went out of business, because the lack of parking during construction drove their customers away. Gentrification in the city had in the past not attracted retail investment on the East side of the city.
however with the arrival of expensive condos within walking distance of professional businesses, government offices, and the Verizon Center in Chinatown the number of retail businesses to serve the new upwardly mobile residents of the city have soared.
In the H ST NE corridor this has meant that businesses that struggled to stay in the neighorhood for a few decades now have no customers for their goods and services and the city drove away their existing customer base. In my opinion if the demise of existing businesses were the result of a natural evolution of the neighborhood, I would not have a problem. However, the installation of the StreetCar tracks drove away the customers of the existing businesses. In otherwords the city forced the existing businesses to close in order raise the tax base. I am uncomfortable with government forcing tax paying businesses from their existing locations in order to raise revenue from businesses catering to a more affluent group of citizens. Again, it is one thing for the market to maximize profit from buyers and tenants, it is another thing for the city government to maximize profit by preventing customers from frequenting those tax paying businesses with a long history in the community.
Posted by raymond.jacob@...
Updated - 3rd Feb
0 Votes
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DC Learning from Portland
Portland's mix of transportation models has been a key factor in its reputation as an innovative city. Many years ago it added downtown streetcars to its variety of means of getting around and even included it in the fareless corridor which encourages the use of public transit. I don't foresee DC adopting the same model; but it the planners are serious about getting maximum utilization of the new streetcar system, this is certainly one approach that has worked well for Portland.

The Benning Road section of DC has recently been completed and the tracks are awaiting the first streetcars. This area would be considered underserved and would greatly benefit from an infusion of new transportation other than the existing bus lines that are problematic at times. I am curious to see how the model of streetcar usage will impact the local economy and housing/business stock. This article paints a rosy picture but I doubt that the reality will be quite so positive. I'm also waiting for the first fatalities to be announced from collisions with the ubiquitous autos that fly around DC.

I'm waiting for the day when the Mall area and the core area of downtown DC are made streetless. Where it becomes more of a giant pedestrian/biking, park like area free of vehicular traffic. I'll probably never see it in my lifetime but it is an idea that really needs to be given serious consideration.
Posted by dcr100@...
6th Feb
0 Votes
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loved streetcars
I remember riding on streetcars in Balto. when I was a little girl. On a Sunday my Dad & Mom and I would get on one and ride from the westside to the north. It was great. It was a real treat for our family. They probably won't make them fun now.
Posted by halomar1970
9th Feb
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