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Seattle builds nation’s largest food forest

By | February 28, 2012, 5:51 AM PST

There are plenty of innovative ideas in urban farming: vertical gardens, aquaponic farms, community gardens. In Seattle, they’re taking another innovative approach while taking the community garden aspect quite literally.

In Seattle’s Beacon Hill neighborhood, plans are in place to turn an empty seven acre lot that didn’t receive much attention (expect from the occasional lawn mower) into a “food forest” for everyone to use. And when it’s complete, the Beacon Food Forest will be the largest public food forest in the United States, according to the Seattle news website Crosscut. It will look something like this:

[A]n entire acre will feature large chestnuts and walnuts in the overstory, full-sized fruit trees like big apples and mulberries in the understory, and berry shrubs, climbing vines, herbaceous plants, and vegetables closer to the ground.

Further down the path an edible arboretum full of exotic looking persimmons, mulberries, Asian pears, and Chinese haws will surround a sheltered classroom for community workshops. Looking over the whole seven acres, you’ll see playgrounds and kid space full of thornless mini edibles adjacent to community gardening plots, native plant areas, a big timber-frame gazebo and gathering space with people barbecuing, a recreational field, and food as far as you can see.

[...]

In a food forest, everything from the tree canopy to the roots is edible or useful in some way.

It sounds like the Wonka factory, only good for you. In reality, it will be a large scale example of permaculture, an attempt to mimic natural ecosystems. In this case, though, inedible plants will be substituted for edible ones and provide fresh food for the community. Plus, the lot will now be better equipped to capture more of Seattle’s notorious rain water.

The project will break ground this spring and could provide a blueprint for other U.S. cities interested in urban agriculture.

Nation’s largest public Food Forest takes root on Beacon Hill [Crosscut]

Photo: Beacon Food Forest

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Tyler Falk

About Tyler Falk

Tyler Falk is a contributing editor for SmartPlanet.

Tyler Falk

Tyler Falk

Contributing Editor

Tyler Falk freelance journalist based in Washington, D.C. Previously, he was with Smart Growth America and Grist. He holds a degree from Goshen College.

Follow him on Twitter.

Tyler Falk

Tyler Falk

Tyler does not have financial holdings that would influence how or what he covers.

He writes for SmartPlanet and is not an employee of CBS.

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+1 Vote
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Unanswered questions.
I read the crosscut link and it sounds like a very pie in the sky project. Some huge holes in the plan are still unanswered.

For starters.
Who will do the work to operate and maintain the gardens?
Who will pay for the ongoing maintenance?
With no on site composting allowed, how do they plan on fertilizing the plants?
How is the food to be distributed within the community?
Posted by Hates Idiots
28th Feb 2012
-1 Votes
+ -
You're not familiar with Permaculture
So I shall answer your questions.

Who will do the work to operate and maintain the gardens?
Permaculture is an agricultural system consisting primarily of perennial complimentary plantings. Since all of the plants are perennials, they don't need replanting year after year. Choosing the proper compliments also means that weeds do not have a chance to take root because that niche has been filled by something which was planted. As a result, permaculture installations need minimal, if any, maintenance. Therefore, for a 7 acre installation, which could provide as much food as a 70 acre conventional farm, the maintenance work is very much part time. Likely the city will have someone visit it once every 2 months just to pick up the garbage callous humans have left behind.

Who will pay for the ongoing maintenance?
No one. Because the maintenance required is so minimal, no one needs to pay anything. The cost of maintenance can come out of the regular city budget.

With no on site composting allowed, how do they plan on fertilizing the plants?
Complementary planting, which is the technology at the heart of permaculture, means that the wastes of one plant, is the fertilizer for the plant next to it. Therefore, there is no need for anyone to fertilize the plants. They do it to each other.

How is the food to be distributed within the community?
Not an aspect of permaculture, so I have no idea.

I'll add one thing about permaculture. While food densities are very high (up to about 10 times that of conventional agriculture), and maintenance is minimal if any, because of the nature of complimentary planting, large scale mechanization is extremely difficult (i.e. generally considered impossible). This means that harvesting is very labour intensive. So it's an ignore it for 9 months of the years and get all hands on deck and as many extras as possible for 3 months of the year kind of operation.
Posted by mheartwood
28th Feb 2012
0 Votes
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Condescending much?
Permaculture is an agricultural system consisting primarily of perennial complimentary plantings. Since all of the plants are perennials, they don't need replanting year after year.

NO DUH Sherlock. I was asking about the routine maintenance required on any farm or garden. Obviously you have never grown your own food and only deal in classroom concepts. Try sustaining a useful harvest year after year from an unpruned apple tree and get back to me on that.

Who will pay for the ongoing maintenance? No one. Again your lack of knowledge on anything to do with the plants and trees being discussed is appalling for someone claiming to be an expert.

The cost of maintenance can come out of the regular city budget. What a joke. In case you have not noticed, Seattle is broke. The mayor is talking layoffs to balance the 2012 budget.

With no on site composting allowed, how do they plan on fertilizing the plants? Complementary planting.

Complementary planting will only get you so far. The Chinese have been doing complimentary planting for centuries. Any decent study of their practices would tell you that some additional outside source of nitrogen and other nutrients, usually in the from of compost, is needed at some point or the soil becomes played out. In China they have often used a blend of organic matter and manure composted and spread around the plants.

The Chinese have recently started going back to some of the old ways on a mass scale because they realized 50 years of using chemical fertilizers and pest control methods has left them with diminishing returns from their fields and chemical tolerant bugs. The old ways, like complimentary planting, are often more labor intensive, not less.

You should watch them build bamboo bridges between trees in an orchard for pest control using citrus ants. The bridges are rather delicate looking, but can withstand most monsoon winds.
Posted by Hates Idiots
Updated - 28th Feb 2012
-2 Votes
+ -
Condescending?!
Pot to kettle, pot to kettle, come in kettle.
Posted by wellsst
29th Feb 2012
0 Votes
+ -
Just a simple gardener.
Pointing out simple facts to a person who appears well read on theory, but lacking on the hands on side of maintaining a garden.
Posted by Hates Idiots
5th Mar 2012
-2 Votes
+ -
Answers
You're obviously not familiar with permaculture in practice, so I shall attempt to answer your questions.

Who will do the work to operate and maintain the gardens?
Permaculture is an agricultural system consisting primarily of perennial complimentary plantings. Since all of the plants are perennials, they don't need replanting year after year. Choosing the proper compliments also means that weeds do not have a chance to take root because that niche has been filled by something which was planted. As a result, permaculture installations need minimal, if any, maintenance. Therefore, for a 7 acre installation, which could provide as much food as a 70 acre conventional farm, the maintenance work is very much part time. Likely the city will have someone visit it once every 2 months just to pick up the garbage callous humans have left behind.

Who will pay for the ongoing maintenance?
No one. Because the maintenance required is so minimal, no one needs to pay anything. The cost of maintenance can come out of the regular city budget.

With no on site composting allowed, how do they plan on fertilizing the plants?
Complementary planting, which is the technology at the heart of permaculture, means that the wastes of one plant, is the fertilizer for the plant next to it. Therefore, there is no need for anyone to fertilize the plants. They do it to each other.

How is the food to be distributed within the community?
Not an aspect of permaculture, so I have no idea.

I'll add one thing about permaculture. While food densities are very high (up to about 10 times that of conventional agriculture), and maintenance is minimal if any, because of the nature of complimentary planting, large scale mechanization is extremely difficult (i.e. generally considered impossible). This means that harvesting is very labour intensive. So it's an ignore it for 9 months of the years and get all hands on deck and as many extras as possible for 3 months of the year kind of operation.
Posted by mheartwood
Updated - 28th Feb 2012
0 Votes
+ -
Bizzaro world!
The text reads:

"In this case, though, inedible plants will be substituted for edible ones ..."
Posted by hellospam9
28th Feb 2012
+2 Votes
+ -
Food forest
This food forest could easily become a bug factory, unless it is doused with insecticides. The only way this might work to some degree at least, would be to avoid grafted stock and grow all plants from heritage seed that have historically proved themselves to manage without much care.
Fruit trees grown from seed will be large, quite bug and disease resistant, take up to 10 years to start producing, and the fruit would be smaller than store-bought, but plentiful and just as delicious. Expect an average of 15% to be lost to bugs. However bug-blemished fruit can still be processed for cider and pies etc. Walnut and Pears are traditionally the least problematic, and even grafted nut or pear trees will likely do well without much care.
Posted by fasco
28th Feb 2012
+1 Vote
+ -
not all bugs leave only blemishes!
The bug problem will become quite excessive. Here on the east coast, we have japanese beetles which love all manner of fruit trees to the point where they regularly kill even established trees. Then there are the bagworms. These voracious bugs have been known to also kill trees within a single season. Then we have tent caterpillars. These things bring even the healthiest trees to their knees. Now we have the stink beetle. They are sucking the sap from fruit trees and young fruit, preventing the tree from producing anything worth eating. In order to maintain any kind of garden like the above, we have to saturate the ground with Milky Spore, spray trees and flowers with Sevin or pyrethrins, open flame torches...which sometimes burns down the tree...oh well...didn't want those pears anyway...
Posted by tech_ed@...
29th Feb 2012
0 Votes
+ -
Bacon forest, why not?
We just need some porc seedlings and we'll have hamtrees before You know it.
They don't seem to know much about farming in Seattle, so it wouldn't surprise me if they think You can grow bacontrees as well.
Seriously though, if those plans were feasible, don't You think someone would have implemented them already? It's not like agriculture is something new to mankind. In fact, there has been agriculture for several thousands of years. Only naive community officials could come up with something as uninformed as this. It will provide, not a blueprint, but a horror example for other U.S. cities to avoid.
Posted by Dukhalion
29th Feb 2012
-1 Votes
+ -
Fascinating concept
What's wrong with trying this concept? I am appalled at the negativity aimed at a project that is at least is trying to do something with land that is vacant and in disrepair. Perhaps some solutions to the problems raised would be a better public service. As for the tone of the criticism; grow up and just be nice. People will be more amenable to listening to your ideas.
Posted by patt kelly-pollet
1st Mar 2012
0 Votes
+ -
All for the concept, but put away the BS shovel.
I love the concept of urban gardens and have actually built a few.

To outright ban composting at a site this size shows a level of ignorance from people who associate excessive bad smells with composting. Properly managed composting is no more odorous than your neighbors garbage barrels on a sunny August day.

All I am saying is to face the realities of such a project and do not over state the ease of the project as a selling point. All you are doing is setting lofty expectations and dooming the project to failing to meet expectations.

People can take the truth if given a chance and treated like adults.

I do not think that is being negative.
Posted by Hates Idiots
5th Mar 2012
0 Votes
+ -
Trying Something...
Trying ANYTHING, even if it becomes an epic fail, if it was reasonably well-researched, planned & implemented, still trumps standing around discussing it and DOING nothing. As Billy Preston eloquently put it, "Nothing from nothing leaves nothing..." Failure tends to move us another step closer to success, despite the observations of the resident doppinks.
Posted by DrRexDexter
1st Mar 2012
0 Votes
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Agreed.
See my above post.
Posted by Hates Idiots
5th Mar 2012
0 Votes
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Friends of the Food Forest undertook heroic
Friends of the Food Forest undertook heroic outreach efforts to secure neighborhood support. The team mailed over 6,000 postcards in five different languages, tabled at events and fairs, and posted fliers. And Seattle residents responded. The first meeting, especially, drew permaculturalists and other intrigued parties from all around the city. seattle fertility acupuncture
Posted by williamlane25
1st Mar 2012
0 Votes
+ -
Seattle builds nation???s largest food forest
The team mailed over 6,000 postcards in five different languages, tabled at events and fairs, and posted fliers. And Seattle residents responded. The first meeting, especially, drew permaculturalists and other intrigued parties from all around the city. seattle fertility acupuncture
Posted by williamlane25
1st Mar 2012
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