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US high-tech manufacturing base erosion breaks ‘chain of experience’

By | July 6, 2010, 9:40 PM PDT

By relying on offshore manufacturing, we may be losing the cornerstone of our innovation. That’s the view of Andy Grove, former chairman and currently senior adviser to Intel, who recently voiced great concerns about the competitiveness of the US high-technology industry.

As Grove put it:

“Not only did we lose an untold number of jobs, we broke the chain of experience that is so important in technological evolution. ….abandoning today’s ‘commodity’ manufacturing can lock you out of tomorrow’s emerging industry.”

Grove says as a result of de-emphasizing manufacturing, the US is no longer the foundation of the high-tech industry. “Simply put, the U.S. has become wildly inefficient at creating American tech jobs,” he writes. Plus, US-based plants are not well-positioned for scaling, or being able to rapidly expand production as demand grows.

Grove observes that manufacturing employment in the U.S. computer industry now stands at about about 166,000 — which is actually lower than it was in the mid-1970s, when the personal computer industry was born. By contrast, high-tech manufacturers in Asia employ 1.5 million workers. Foxconn alone employs 800,000 people — “more than the combined worldwide head count of Apple, Dell, Microsoft, Hewlett-Packard Co., Intel and Sony Corp.”

The cost of job creation has increased dramatically, Grove points out. Grove observes that the cost of creating jobs for many Silicon Valley companies grew from a few thousand dollars per position in the early years to $100,000 per job today. He says the cost has gone up so much due to companies hiring fewer employees.

The issue isn’t confined to the computer industry, either — Grove points to the alternative energy industry as an example of jobs gone overseas. “US employment in the making of photovoltaic films and panels is perhaps 10,000 — just a few percent of estimated worldwide employment,” he writes.

How could the US have “forgotten” how to scale? Grove blames the “general undervaluing of manufacturing,” with commentators and industry leaders focusing on preserving and enhancing knowledge work.

Groves’ remedy to this imbalance? He recommends a tax on products produced overseas, with the funds applied to scaling domestic operations.

(Photo Credit: Peter Tittenberger, via Wikimedia Commons.)

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Joe McKendrick

About Joe McKendrick

Joe McKendrick is a contributing editor for SmartPlanet.

Joe McKendrick

Joe McKendrick

Contributing Editor, Business

Joe McKendrick is an independent analyst who tracks the impact of information technology on management and markets. He is the author of the SOA Manifesto and has written for Forbes, ZDNet and Database Trends & Applications. He holds a degree from Temple University. He is based in Pennsylvania.

Follow him on Twitter.

Joe McKendrick

Joe McKendrick

Joe McKendrick is an independent consultant and editor. Joe has performed project work for the following companies in the IT marketspace: IBM, Systinet/HP, Teradata. He has performed project work for the following organizations in partnership with Unisphere Research (Unisphere Media): IBM, Oracle Corp., International Oracle Users Group, Oracle Applications Users Group, Professional Association for SQL Server, International DB2 Users Group, International Sybase Users Group.

He writes for SmartPlanet and is not an employee of CBS.

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RE: US high-tech manufacturing base erosion breaks 'chain of experience'
I am in complete agreement with Groves.

Moreover, we, the US, should:

o Eliminate NAFTA, CAFTA, and the pending Free trade agreement with South Korea
o Set a sliding tariff on target Industry sector product
o Redistribute tariff tax to manufacturing incubators
o Mandate that American corporations must employee 100% Americans by a future phase-in date, graduated
o Eliminate foreign tax sheltered labor

Free Trade is not FREE. We have an unprecedented trade deficit with China.

There is NO way to return manufacturing jobs to American soil unless we take the above steps.

Every time you buy goods at Walmart, for product made in China your money flows out of our Country and trickles down the Chinese economy, not ours.

A self-sufficient America is a healthy America.

God Bless America.
Dietrich T. Schmitz
Posted by D T Schmitz
7th Jul 2010
0 Votes
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RE: US high-tech manufacturing base erosion breaks 'chain of experience'
It's worse than that. The key to most manufacturing is a staff of foremen who know how to make things. The labor base in this country now is so soft, so lacking in people who are used to making things for themselves with their own hands that we are doomed. The property tax nationwide which funds our public schools has been savaged by liberal give away public service union wages and benefits. This funding method has been in crisis for years forcing schools to cut shop classes and at best substituting useless computer based instruction in place of the enormously effective mentoring of a good hands-on shop class teacher.
Posted by fw32
7th Jul 2010
0 Votes
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Ironic...
...coming from one of the chief advocates of the unlimited issuing of
H-1B visas to price American engineering talent out of the market.
Posted by JohnMcGrew@...
7th Jul 2010
0 Votes
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RE: US high-tech manufacturing base erosion breaks 'chain of experience'
He is both right and wrong.

Right, we have sent too much overseas. We need to seriously retool America. This time with more automation. We need some skilled metallurgists and new materials people. We need to get competitive with the rest of the world. We need to stop the idle dream of "Knowledge Workers". This is based on copyright and patent abuse of the rest of the world. It only takes one medium sized nation to say "NO" for the whole house of cards to come crashing down. In the final analysis, it is what we can sell that counts.

Mr. Grove is wrong about what to do about it. It was protectionism that actually caused the great depression. When we "tax" imports, other nations will "tax" our exports. Loss of the farm exports what what changed the 1929 recession into the 1930's depression. I don't want to have us experience another 10 to 20 year depression. We need to expand manufacturing.

Farming stopped being the major income source for the Uninted States in the early 1900's, but it remains vitally important today. Manufacturing was kicked out by tax systems and incentives to relocate to "poor" countries. A Knowledge based economy will always follow the manufacturing. It has to. The knowledge based economy exists only to support the manufacturing. The US and it's corporate governance have been short sighted and stupid economically.

We need to fix it.
Posted by YetAnotherBob
8th Jul 2010
0 Votes
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RE: US high-tech manufacturing base erosion breaks 'chain of experience'
"Groves? remedy to this imbalance? He recommends a tax on
products produced overseas, with the funds applied to scaling
domestic operations."

Absolutely. Countries that protect their manufacturing sector from
Chinese junk are better off.

Implement tariffs to protect American jobs, gradually.

Walmart will scream; ignore them. Tariffs won't put them out of
business.

Use the money to implement high-tech jobs here in America.

Jobs like building Concentrating Solar Power stations that simply
CAN'T be outsourced.

We use that energy to transition to electric vehicles and wean
ourselves off oil for good.

When we aren't paying Trillions to buy foreign oil we can balance our
books and pay back China !
Posted by Jkirk3279
9th Jul 2010
0 Votes
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RE: US high-tech manufacturing base erosion breaks 'chain of experience'
"It was protectionism that actually caused the great depression. "

No, that was caused by trying to cut government spending when the
economy was already staggering.

"When we "tax" imports, other nations will "tax" our exports."

Let them. Other countries like Sweden protect their exports and the sky
doesn't fall.

"Loss of the farm exports what what changed the 1929 recession into
the 1930's depression."

No, I don't think so. America grows most of the world's grain.

I don't see anybody else stepping up to replace that.
Posted by Jkirk3279
9th Jul 2010
0 Votes
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RE: US high-tech manufacturing base erosion breaks 'chain of experience'
I'd like to comment from a northern (Canadian) perspective. First, from all I can tell the USA still makes more than half of the world's manufactured goods, and most of these are high value added / high tech goods, not dollar store items. Canada heard the same kind of hollowing out comments before NFTA and the sky didn't fall, though there was a lot of restructuring. Instead of protectionism, which will block the importing of innovation from other countries as well as high growth export markets, it would be better to emphasize science and engineering education. Keeping capital markets working efficiently helps. The RMB appears to be undervalued and a gradual rise would benefit both China and the USA also since China needs exports from the USA and China needs to recycle their USD holdings.
Posted by msds
9th Jul 2010
0 Votes
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RE: US high-tech manufacturing base erosion breaks 'chain of experience'
'msds' with the "Canadian perpsective" has hit the nail on the head: the problem is not "free trade", it is not NAFTA or the like, it is the very UNFREE trade being subsidized by the dishonest Chinese monetary policy of keeping the Yuan (or RMB) at an artificially low exchange rate.

It was incredibly stupid and wicked for President Bush to push for accepting China into WTO while they were still carrying out this policy. Now that that precedent has been set, even the recent announcement of a very slight rise was very hard to get, it was like pulling teeth. And it is clearly still not enough!

Until China practices free market principles with the price of their own currency, they have no place in the WTO, they should be punished with tariffs and the like just like any other protectionist.

That said, let's not forget that the high tech boom in America was not bought by purely free-market principles either. Rather, leaders in both government and industry realized the need to maintain a sound knowledge/skill base by keeping people with valuable skills employed.

A major example: the "space race" kept all the various skills necessary to build and maintain a ballistic missile fleet from atrophying by employing the same people in the space race.
Posted by mejohnsn
12th Jul 2010
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