Follow this blog:
RSS

Should schools ditch textbooks?

By | January 16, 2013, 11:00 AM PST

First a library without books, now a city with textbook-free schools? What is this world coming to?! Tablet-centered education, if you ask one New York City mayoral candidate.

Christine Quinn, New York’s city council speaker and a candidate to replace Mayor Michael Bloomberg, believes that ditching textbooks in schools and replacing them with tablets would save money and improve educational opportunities.

“Thanks to the Internet, teachers in any given subject can share lessons and materials with colleagues around the world. They can organize those lessons into online textbooks, which their students can read on tablets in school and at home,” she said in a recent speech.

“We currently spend more than a $100 million a year on textbooks. That’s enough money to buy tablets for every student in New York City public schools, and cover staff costs,” she said.

The assumption here is that tablets will improve learning for students. While the trend is moving toward tablets, with more students owning them, it’s less clear if tablets will improve learning in the classroom compared with traditional textbooks.

One study by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt found that students who used the iPad version of an algebra textbook through a year scored 20 percent higher on a test than their traditional textbook-using peers. On the other hand, there are studies coming out saying that students have better content retention when they use traditional textbooks compared to tablets. That’s, of course, a small survey of the different studies on the subjects. If you know of other studies share them with us in the comments below.

Either way, will “The Big Apple” soon take on a whole new meaning? (Note: Quinn didn’t announce which tablet maker would supply the technology.)

Photo: Flickr/samsungtomorrow

Start your week smarter with our weekly e-mail newsletter. It's your cheat sheet for good ideas. Get it.

Tyler Falk

About Tyler Falk

Tyler Falk is a contributing editor for SmartPlanet.

Tyler Falk

Tyler Falk

Contributing Editor

Tyler Falk freelance journalist based in Washington, D.C. Previously, he was with Smart Growth America and Grist. He holds a degree from Goshen College.

Follow him on Twitter.

Tyler Falk

Tyler Falk

Tyler does not have financial holdings that would influence how or what he covers.

He writes for SmartPlanet and is not an employee of CBS.

If you liked this, don't miss...
23
Comments

Join the conversation!

Follow via:
RSS
0 Votes
+ -
The book, the whole book, or ...
It's a good deal for the school. It may be not so good for the teachers -- or for all of the students in each class.

First, the teacher may have to create the text to be used by editing the textbook -- extra work. Second, the students may in that case not not have access to the whole book, though some would do better if they did.

Why that last? I found over the years that I learned best reading the textbooks before the year got under way, until I had the content down before we got to it. I needed the whole book. Recently, 50 some years later, I learned this was due to undiagnosed Aspergers.

Buying college texts on my HS subjects was another good idea and since I've typed the "A" word, people may nod their heads, "Just like an Aspy" when I say that I read them for FUN.
Posted by ka5s@...
16th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
The hole in their logic
They would still have to purchase the texts. In e-book format this time. Would the licensing be per student per year? They've been able to re-use textbooks.
At least they said tablets instead of ipads. The school system shouldn't be locked into itunes.
Posted by harrim47
17th Jan
+1 Vote
+ -
Good point
It doesn't seem that Quinn took that into account in her calculations. Publishers have to make money too! I wonder if digital textbooks are cheaper though.
Posted by Tyler Falk
17th Jan
+1 Vote
+ -
e-book licencing
Unfortunately, when looking into this topic, many publishers will initially want payment per user - so staff, students, etc. for access to the book. So traditional texts are cheaper as they are a single cost resource and can be used by multiple users. I understand that you may have considered the cost of a single e-book to a school as opposed to multiple textbooks for classes, but with problematic and complex licencing rights, the traditional textbook may be the cheaper asset. Plus, I know first-hand that creating resources is time-consuming, especially when time is hard-pressed to start. That, and when I attended university, I found textbooks helped me learn - I couldn't become distracted as the textbook demanded my full attention. Tablets, on the other hand, are chock-full of apps and games. Maybe I lack some discipline, but eliminating temptation is a first good step in learning in the classroom. You may disagree, but that's just my opinion.
Posted by rgenglish
20th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
e-Texts might be a one-time purchase for many subjects, since,
subjects like arithmetic are very static and won't need updating, and it would be the same for most math subjects. Same thing for reading/writing and literature. If any updates were to be needed, perhaps the e-books/tablets, could be equipped with a function for minor updates, and approved by the school board for all students and teachers and classes. That would result in huge savings in the first year that books get replaced, but the bigger savings come in later years, when textbooks and new e-books wont be needed to be purchased again.
Posted by adornoe
17th Jan
+2 Votes
+ -
Revisionist History
Having a document that is dynamic and not static promotes historical revisionism.
Posted by sjones@...
17th Jan
+1 Vote
+ -
That is my biggest worry.
It is amazing how much revisionist history on the Internet is treated as fact. Including information on reputable school web sites.

Getting away from paper opens up our classrooms to the same disinformation.

Like the fact that the majority of Senators, over 80%, who filibustered the Civil Rights act were Democrats. Led by Senator Robert Byrd (D). A onetime KKK recruiter.

Or the last KKK member to occupy the White House was a democrat. That little known fact has been removed and replaced on Trumans Wikipedia profile dozens of times.
Posted by Hates Idiots
17th Jan
+1 Vote
+ -
Biggest worry
It's not just Wikipedia that has passages that get rewritten, governments of countries are known to have text books rewritten or outright destroyed. The Russians were notorious for redoing history to cast themselves in a more favorable light. I'm quite sure Louis Riel was probably removed from or not included in Canadian history books more than once. It happens and it doesn't matter what medium of print it is in. We must always be diligent in defending the "right" so if you see something wrong in any form of print get on a soap box and shout until it's corrected.
Posted by radiodog4@...
18th Jan
+1 Vote
+ -
textbooks
The tablet would be the greatest gift to students ever! My daughter and grandson needed a hand truck to transport their books home to do homework. This aspect alone is enough.
The books could be made in a PDF format or e-book if the teachers were given the editing tools to correct the text presented and the publishers required to compensate them for the corrections. The publishers could charge for each copy just like they do now, with much lower printing cost.
Posted by randolphgarrison1@...
17th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
eTexts are better; more current and engaging
As a long-time school board member who has faced this issue (in a community where the numbers are far smaller), there is no question but that eTexts are superior. We already use electronic texts published by the State of California for its schools. The price is great and more importantly, the texts are updated annually so that they remain of value. The students currently use netbooks for this purpose, although iPads or tablets would also work.
This approach may not work if we simply publish the same text in another format. Apple also published a portion of a new text "E.O. Wilson's Life on Earth" which shows where such texts are headed. This ebook leverages the ability of imbedding media that brings the subject matter alive. Subjects that involve process particularly benefit. While anyone can benefit, I find that young people in particular find this form of presentation far more engaging and memorable than the traditional paper text.
The roll-out of the Common Core presents an incredible opportunity to make this move. Every state will require new texts. Not every school will need new equipment (we will probably stick with our MacBooks and netbooks) but ebooks, particularly well-designed ebooks, are a superior choice to the traditional paper book.
Posted by sthayes
17th Jan
+2 Votes
+ -
Text Books
Absolutely NO....text books should not be done away with in the classroom, nor should books be done away with in the libraries or the home....in my opinion.
Posted by slok98
17th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
Been There Done That
The entire city school system of Huntsville, AL moved to this methodology this year (K-12). It is a work in progress, but it looks promising!
Posted by Stang_z
17th Jan
+2 Votes
+ -
Downsides of eBooks
All in all, there would likely be some cost savings to the school, but there are downsides to the student. Besides the content-relation issue mentioned in the article, there is also the problem with long term material retention. I kept my high school math books, and refer to them whenever I am stuck on a problem. Because they represent the exact way that I learned the subjects, they are easier for me to thumb through and recapture the concepts, as compared to starting afresh with different books.

This retention problem is generally true of all eBooks in proprietary formats. If the eBook is in a non-proprietary format, say as a pdf, and could be kept by the student indefinitely, then this problem goes away.

I think it's also important for the student to be able to print the books. Granted, most will not, but writing notes along with text can be an important learning tool; four years in law school taught me that. If there was a fast and inexpensive way to make notes on a pdf eBook that might also work, but most students can't afford Adobe Acrobat Standard and, though I use it to make notes regularly, I don't find it to be particularly quick to use that way. Students in a classroom don't have time to fiddle about while taking notes.

I think the transition is probably inevitable, but I'd like to see these points addressed before that happens.
Posted by toniok2
17th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
Teachers will need control over students' e-books
Otherwise, many students will be looking at other stuff. (Of course, if the teacher is properly engaging her students, this would be less of a problem. But it would still be a problem, even for a star teacher.)
Posted by dmm99
17th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
100%
Children will goof off every chance they get. The teacher should be able to, should be accontable for, locking their devices to the material the teacher is instruction. Do it at attendance check time, which could also be electronic to some extent.
Posted by opcom
24th Jan
+1 Vote
+ -
Sounds good on paper, but...
The ipads and tablets sounds great, but there is a unknown cost for the upkeep of the tablets and readers. All the comments so far has been for the publishers and licensing of the material on the tablets. These folks must not have had any kids as these units are going to have to take a lot of physical abuse, not to mention the mechanical failures that occur in any electrical device. Yes there are valid points about the accuracy of data and content control and I agree there is, but I think there will be a new industry created that may cost more to service these devices in the long run.
Posted by geofer50
18th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
Great point.
Will this become the education version of the military industrial/government complex that has the US buying weapons systems just for the purpose of spending money in the right Congressional district?
Posted by Hates Idiots
18th Jan
+1 Vote
+ -
Ireland embraces ebooks and tablets
I'm really interested in this discussion, as the school where I work in Dublin has gone down this route as of September 2012. As others have posted, it's early days, but looking very promising.

The ability to personalise an ebook with student's own notes is very important as we all have unique systems for making sense of content. So far that's a big downside with us; fiddling around taking screenshots and then editing that is too time-consuming.

I'm actually doing a thesis on our experience with iPads, so if anyone has any good (or bad) stories I'd love to hear them at duffyc@malahidecs.ie
Posted by katiemd
18th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
hard copy vs soft?
time will tell what effect e-books till have. i hope they will be put up for bidding with all bidders required to clear the bar of competence.
this is the future. it will happen and we need to start somewhere. let's just shun the politics.
Posted by Sunon@...
18th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
Right off the bat they should be cheaper.
I can understand publishers and authors costs carrying over, but because the production costs of the physical book as been eliminated e-books should be cheaper.

But we all know they will end up being more expensive.
Posted by Hates Idiots
18th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
I'd like to know students' reactions
I am a student, parent, Scout leader, and I hate paper anything. Books are heavy and I avoid them whenever possible. Some textbooks, that I have had to buy for myself), have either a downloadable version or include a soft copy. When that happens, the book remains at home. I have been able to get a whole semester with just a laptop and an iPad. But a laptop and an iPad weigh about the same as my daughter's history book. I do almost everything electronically, even my math assignments. (Did you know there is a math add-in for Word?) Yes, I can do my calculus assignments and supporting math for my economics masters courses in Word. Writing essays are great as well, heck even add in a Bluetooth keyboard and that adds maybe half a pound.

So my bag is way, way lighter than my daughter's bag. The hand truck statement above is correct. My mother takes our son to soccer practice, directly from school. When they come home, I have to go to my mother's car to get my son's book bag. In other words the bag is so heavy that an adult has difficulty carrying it. This cannot be healthy for growing children. This also causes the bags to have short lifetimes. Neither my son nor my daughter have had a bag lasted the entire school year. My bag has lasted three years and is still going.

Picture this as well, waiting for the bus, take out you iPad and read your assignments (ok, I have a car, but my children take the bus); bus comes, put it back in the bag. On the other hand, what is the likelihood that you take out a 4 pound textbook to read and have to put it back when the bus arrives? I would say, nearly zero. This is not just the bus, what about waiting for someone, waiting for the doctor/dentist, waiting for a seat in a restaurant? The tablet is easy to put away when whoever you are waiting for arrives. We eat at places that don't take reservations and you just have to wait in line. I can't imagine my daughter and/or son lugging textbooks to a restaurant line, which I'll probably have to carry. Right now, my son's and my daughter's English teachers let them use iPads (daughter) or Kindles (son) to do their reading for books assigned. That's one or more less books to carry (and they are all in their devices). Next year the whole school is going to use the iPad (teachers already have them). I can't wait for that for them, their bags will be light (and probably last the entire school year).

Has any of you children ever forgot a book, notes, highlighter at school so that they can't do their homework or study for a test? Sure they can forget the iPad at school, but since it contains not only their books, but their schedule (not just school schedules), they are less likely to forget them; it is essentially their lifeline.

Every one of the comments above is an adult who went through school with books, and prefer books to ebooks. But if you grow up with ebooks, that will be your standard. As far as referring to books every now and then, what happens if you're not at home? How much space do you have? I've actually gone as far as re-buying books and donated my paper books to book fairs and the library. I had five book shelves (floor to ceiling), but now I've gotten that down to one (mainly for books where the author has signed them) and a few foreign language books (all four of us are at least bilingual, but my daughter and I are trilingual) that I can't get in ebook format, but Android (I also have an Android tablets - one is a Nook with N2A card) is a little better for those that I do have in ebook form. Also, I have a few things for display (since I have lived in several countries). In addition to all I do, I read about a book a week (mainly in lieu of TV, where I only watch documentaries, and if I do watch those, most are on my iPad or Android tablets.

The last thing, is that I have a science book that is in ebook form. It also has video clips instead of just pictures. So, much better since the book is on quantum mechanics. Show me a paper book that can do that.
Posted by ManoaHI
18th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
Bookless
I recently put on a HAM radio course, the class time was spent talking and going over my power point presentation. Leading up to that was a pre-read of materials on my web site. The students (of all ages) all past and got their Basic Certification. Three of the class members were embarking on an unbelievable adventure of a lifetime. Mom and dad had purchased a large sailing catamaran and they would be sailing in equatorial waters and over to Hawaii for a year. The kids were already stay-at-home students and most of their studies were on line. One of the family members was killing time playing a new game on a Microsoft Surface tablet. That's the device he was also doing his ongoing school studies on. Someone once joked that there was no reason to let going to school (a physical building) ruin an education. These kids were getting to see the real world, not something depicted in a stuffy social studies text book. If you were to have a conversation with these kids you'd find they had no trouble keeping up. So, computers and digital transfer of learning is here and here to stay. How many of us already spend vast amounts of time on our computer on Google searching for answers to things that have puzzled us? How many have blogs where they share ideas? I rest my case.
Posted by radiodog4@...
18th Jan
0 Votes
+ -
paper books vs. eBooks
I just did my dissertation on the differences in learning and persuasion between paper books and enhanced eBooks (using the book "Our Choice," in both its paper and electronic forms). I found no statistical difference between the learning of one group (each about 100 people, multiple ages and backgrounds) and the other, whether factual, conceptual, or "applicational" comprehension. There was a substantial and significant difference in persuasion, though; the enhanced eBook folks were far more likely to change their opinions and their behavior than the paper book folks.
Posted by Redactor79
31st Jan
Join the conversation
Formatting +
BB Codes - Note: HTML is not supported in forums
  • [b] Bold [/b]
  • [i] Italic [/i]
  • [u] Underline [/u]
  • [s] Strikethrough [/s]
  • [q] "Quote" [/q]
  • [ol][*] 1. Ordered List [/ol]
  • [ul][*] · Unordered List [/ul]
  • [pre] Preformat [/pre]
  • [quote] "Blockquote" [/quote]

Join the SmartPlanet community and join the conversation! Signing up is fast and free. Don't wait -- we want to hear your opinion!